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博物馆展陈材料环境安全性评价研究综述

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博物馆文物在展览过程中直接暴露于展陈环境中,展陈材料的环境安全性对文物安全十分重要.长期应用于文物保护领域的Oddy法及其改进方法对博物馆展陈材料的筛选提供了 1种方式,但其测试方法和应用范围存在一定的局限性;建筑材料和室内环境领域针对室内材料污染物的检测方法和标准相对成熟,且基于材料污染物散发机理建立了室内环境空气质量评估模型,对博物馆展陈环境污染物研究具有重要参考价值.本文通过对不同领域的现有方法(Oddy法及其改进方法、建材污染物检测方法、污染物散发模型)及研究进展进行综述,分析了其应用于博物馆展陈材料环境安全性评价的可行性、适用性和局限性,提出了博物馆展陈材料环境全性评价方法的优化思路,以及未来研究和发展的相关建议.
A Review of the Environmental Security Evaluation of Museum Exhibition Materials
Cultural relics are exposed to the environmental air directly when exhibited in museums.Therefore,the environmental security of exhibition materials is crucial for the security of cultural relics.Oddy test and its improved methods have been applied in the preservation of cultural relics for a long time,which provides a way to select exhibition materials.However,there are some limitations to their testing method and application scope.The methods and standards for the testing of the pollutants from indoor building materials have been well developed.Meanwhile,several models based on pollutant emitting mechanisms have been established to evaluate the indoor air quality,which will provide valuable relevance for studying pollutant evaluation in the exhibition environment.In this study,the research advances on the existing methods in different fields,including Oddy test and its improving methods,testing methods of pollutants from building materials and their emitting models,were reviewed.The feasibility,applicability,and limitations of the application in evaluating environmental security of museum exhibition materials were analyzed.Based on the analysis,the optimization approaches of testing methods and the development of future studies in this filed were proposed.

museum environmentexhibition materialenvironmental securityindoor building materialpollutant emission prediction

邵慧琪、冯振华、刘杰民、郭中宝、吴传东、柳敏、石安美、唐铭

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中国国家博物馆,北京 100006

金属文物保护国家文物局重点科研基地(中国国家博物馆),北京 100006

北矿检测技术股份有限公司,北京 102628

北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京 100083

北京印刷学院,北京 102600

中国国检测试控股集团股份有限公司,北京 100024

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博物馆环境 展陈材料 环境安全性 室内建材 污染物散发预测

国家文化和旅游科技创新工程项目国家重点研发计划项目国家文物局文物科学技术研究项目(自筹)

20190152020YFC15221002023ZCK003

2024

建筑科学
中国建筑科学研究院

建筑科学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.113
ISSN:1002-8528
年,卷(期):2024.40(8)