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智能时代的学校本体论追问

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人工智能技术的快速崛起,为学校教育变革提供了现实条件,也对传统学校形态造成隐性冲击.本研究以人工智能时代学校存续问题为核心,从本体论视角探讨学校在技术革新背景下的合法性与功能重塑:回顾了学校存续历次争论的历史脉络,揭示了技术革新对学校形态、功能及合法性的挑战,即去中心化知识传播、个性化学习的兴起以及社会化教育功能的弱化.在分析人工智能赋能与颠覆学校的动态张力中,本研究从学校因何存在、如何存续及未来样态三方面展开探讨.研究发现,学校围绕思维、认知与教学三要素的耦合与重构开展形态演变,根源于社会对智力需求的更替和思维与认知的不完全兼容.基于此,人工智能时代学校存续的逻辑理路与实践向度应体现为从动态平衡到共生共进,这就需要重新定义学校的本质与功能,重塑学校教育的价值与伦理,构建"学校—技术—社会"协同治理创新框架.
Ontological Inquiry into Schools in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
The rapid rise of artificial intelligence(AI)technology has provided practical conditions for school education reform while simultaneously posing implicit challenges to traditional school forms.This study,centered on the question of school persistence in the AI era,explores the legitimacy and functional reconstruction of schools against the backdrop of technological innovation from an ontological perspective.It reviews the historical context of recurring debates on school persistence and reveals how technological innovation challenges school forms,functions,and legitimacy through decentralized knowledge dissemination,the emergence of personalized learning,and the weakening of social education functions.Through analyzing the dynamic tension between AI empowerment and school disruption,this study examines three aspects:why schools exist,how they persist,and their future forms.The research finds that schools evolve around the coupling and reconstruction of three essential elements—thinking,cognition,and teaching—rooted in society's changing intellectual demands and the incomplete compatibility between thinking and cognition.Based on this,the logical pathway and practical dimensions for school persistence in the AI era should reflect a progression from dynamic balance to symbiotic advancement,necessitating a redefinition of schools'essence and functions,reconstruction of educational values and ethics,and establishment of a"school-technology-society"collaborative governance innovation framework.

artificial intelligenceontologyfuture schoolschool governanceeducational ecology

李唯一、胡莉芳

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中国人民大学教育学院,北京 100872

人工智能 本体论 未来学校 学校治理 教育生态

2025

开放教育研究
上海远程教育集团 上海开放大学

开放教育研究

北大核心
影响因子:9.844
ISSN:1007-2179
年,卷(期):2025.31(1)