In 2015,the Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology et al.conducted excavations at Area Ⅰ of the Xiaonanshan site in Raohe County.Discovered remains were divided into two phases:early and late,both dating to the Neolithic period.The early phase also included two early and late sub-phases:the early subphase is represented by artifacts unearthed beneath piled stones and from tomb pits,including stone,jade and pottery objects attributed to the Xiaonanshan culture.Radiocarbon dating indicated a chronological range of 7060-6905 BC.The late subphase is represented by artifacts unearthed from 15H1 and the third layer,predominantly comprised of pottery vessels.This subphase dates to no later than 6000 BC.The assemblage of late phase remains consists of artifacts recovered from the second layer,predominantly featuring decorated pottery sherds with comb impressions and incised patterns,indicative of the Voznesenovka culture,dating from 3000 to 2500 BC.This excavation has contributed valuable materials to the study of the Neolithic cultural sequence in the Wusuli River basin,the cultural landscape of and population interactions within the early Neolithic northeastern region,as well as early Chinese jade culture formation processes.
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