The trident-shaped bronze ornament is a common funerary good found among the mid-high-ranking tombs from the late Western Zhou period through the middle of the Spring and Autumn period.Its development can be divided into two phases:the first phase spans from the late phase of the late Western Zhou period until the early Spring and Autumn period,marking its incipience and peak;the second phase indicates external influence and subsequent decline,during the middle Spring and Autumn period.Central regions of development include eastern Guanzhong,western Henan,and southern Shanxi.Areas influenced by these central regions include the northwestern Qin cultural area,Shandong,and the Nanyang Basin.Trident-shaped bronze ornaments exhibit regional characteristics in form and archaeological context,with a close relationship observed between the number of ornaments interred and the social status of the tomb occupant.It should be noted that these ornaments should not be equated with sha(翣)mentioned in textual records.Through analysis of trident-shaped bronze ornaments,this study discusses topics including the reconstruction of aristocratic hierarchies during the transition between the Western and Eastern Zhou dynasties,the influence of the royal domain and its perimeters on surrounding cultural areas,as well as commonalities amongst archaeological cultures and the historical developmental trajectories reflected.
Trident-Shaped Bronze OrnamentMid-High-Ranking TombLate Western Zhou through the Middle Spring and Autumn"Sha"
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