The middle and lower Ili River region has a close cultural relationship with the Western Tianshan region of China and has served as a significant hub for East-West cultural exchange.However,the chronology and genealogy of Bronze Age remains in this area are still unclear.Considering the chronology of Western Tianshan Bronze Age remains in China,Bronze Age cultures in the middle and lower Ili River region can be divided into three stages:the first stage(1900-1800 BC)belonged to the early Alakul culture,inheriting elements from the Petrovka and Sintashta cultures.The second stage(1800-1400 BC)was influenced by the southward-moving Fedorovo culture and the eastward-advancing Alakul culture.The third stage(1400-1000 BC)is characterized by round-bottom vessels and impressed decorations,evincing cultural exchange with the Minusinsk Basin and central-northern Kazakhstan.During the early Bronze Age,cultures in the middle and lower Ili River region were closely related to the northern steppes,while in later stages,they absorbed elements from the north,east,and south.
Middle and Lower Ili River RegionBronze AgeCultural PeriodizationExchange and Interaction
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
