Professor Hu Gengshen created the theory of eco- translatology in 2003, assuming that translative problems can be studied and ex-plained by natural science, especially The Approach to Translation as Adaptation and Selection, which illustrates ubiquitous activities and process in translation from the prospective of adaptation and selection. This essay tries to study the phenomenon of retranslation of liter-ary works standing on the ecological theory of the Fittest survives, hoping to find out the motivation and rationality of retranslation. Furthermore, this essay pinpoints a new direction and approach for translation criticism in different translation versions.
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