摘要
加强基础研究是实现高水平科技自立自强的关键支撑,也是建设世界科技强国的必由之路.党的十八大以来,我国基础研究投入力度持续加大,取得了显著进展.然而,与美国、德国等国际领先的创新型国家相比,我国在基础研究经费支出、企业参与深度、地方政府支持力度以及学科发展均衡性等方面仍存在显著差距.本文系统梳理了我国基础研究投入的现状及其主要不足,并结合美国和德国在强化政府支持、促进产学研协同创新、完善人才培养体系等方面的典型经验,从政府、企业、高校和科研机构三类基础研究主体的视角出发,提出了加大基础研究经费投入、优化资金分配机制、增强企业基础研究参与度、提升地方支持力度、完善高校与科研机构协同创新机制以及构建多层次人才培养体系等具体建议.
Abstract
Strengthening basic research is the key support for achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement,and it is also the only way to build a world scientific and technological power.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China's investment in basic research has continued to increase and remarkable progress has been made.However,compared with the United States,Germany,and other leading international innovative countries,there is still a significant gap in China's basic research expenditure,the level of enterprise participation,the support of local governments,and the balance of discipline development.Based on the typical experience of the United States and Germany in strengthening government support,promoting industry-university-research collaborative innovation,and improving the talent training system,this paper systematically reviews the current situation and its main shortcomings in basic research investment in China,and puts forward specific suggestions,such as increasing the investment in basic research,optimizing the fund allocation mechanism,enhancing the participation of enterprises in basic research,improving local support,improving the collaborative innovation mechanism between universities and scientific research institutions,and building a multi-level talent training system from the perspectives of three types of basic research subjects:government,enterprises,universities and scientific research institutions.
维普
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