The article discusses the application of cutting-edge teaching methods in skull base neurosurgery,in-cluding 3D printing technology,virtual reality(VR)technology and augmented reality(AR)technology.These emerging technologies can visualize the complexity and spatial adjacency of skull base structures and help begin-ners better understand the anatomy of the skull base.At the same time,these technologies also facilitate clinical practice teaching,allowing young neurosurgeons to train repeatedly in virtual real-life scenarios to continuously improve basic skull base operation skills.These cutting-edge technologies will break the limitations of teaching tools and teaching time and space,making abstract knowledge visualized,anatomical learning intuitive,and simu-lated surgeries realistic,which will greatly promote the change and development of skull base neurosurgery teach-ing.
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