With the revolutionary development of online education in the field of higher education,public courses are open to the public free of charge through the Internet,which has also given rise to new online learning plat-forms.The study analyzed the current situation and needs of online learning for graduate students in different uni-versities,and explored the specific impact of teaching model innovation and teaching strategy design on learning effectiveness.Research shows that the combination of synchronous live teaching and asynchronous independent learning can effectively meet students'interactive and individualized learning needs.Scientific assessment meth-ods such as examinations and performance assessments,combined with Bloom's learning goal taxonomy,are cru-cial for monitoring and ensuring teaching quality.The long-term impact evaluation of online learning platforms shows that learner characteristics have a significant impact on learning effectiveness,while technological progress and the update of educational concepts have laid the foundation for educational modernization.Facing the chal-lenges of online learning platforms,a series of coping strategies have been proposed to effectively ensure the sus-tainable development of online education.China's MOOCs have become an important force in promoting teaching reform,and the far-reaching influence of online learning platforms will continue to lead the process of educational modernization.