摘要
目的 分析军事飞行人员高脂血症患病情况及相关影响因素,为飞行人员的航卫保障提供参考依据.方法 采用回顾性调查研究的方法,系统收集2020年1月—2021年12月在空军特色医学中心住院的军事飞行人员的病例数据,分别按机种、飞行时间、人员类别及BMI、饮酒史、吸烟史、血压、年龄和尿酸水平分组,比较不同组间飞行人员高脂血症患病率,对可疑因素与高脂血症患病率的关系进行多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 本组926例军事飞行人员高脂血症患病率为17.7%,不同机种、人员类别的军事飞行人员高脂血症患病率差异均无统计学意义,不同飞行时间军事飞行人员高脂血症患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.61,P=0.001);血压水平高、尿酸水平高、体质量指数高的飞行人员较正常组高脂血症患病率高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.13、18.82、33.59,P均=0.001);有吸烟史较无吸烟史飞行人员高脂血症患病率高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.58,P=0.001);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,吸烟史、体质量指数、血压、尿酸水平是高脂血症的影响因素(OR=3.080、1.489、3.760、1.629,P＜0.001、=0.025、＜0.001、=0.026).结论 高脂血症在飞行人员中患病率较高,吸烟史、体质量指数、血压、尿酸水平是高脂血症的影响因素.航空卫生保障要重点关注飞行人员健康生活方式的养成,不断提高飞行人员的健康水平.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and related influencing factors in military aircrews,and to provide reference for aviation and health support for pilots.Methods A retrospective survey was used to collect health care data on hospitalized military aircrews in the Air Force Characteristic Medical Center between 2020 and 2021.The prevalence of hyperlipidemia was compared between these patients grouped according to aircraft types,length of flight,jobs,BMI,history of alcohol consumption,history of smoking,blood pressure,age and uric acid levels,respectively.Results The prevalence of hyperlipidemia among the 926 military aircrews was as high as 17.7%.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hyperlipidemia between aircrews for different aircraft types and jobs,But there was significant difference between aircrews with different lengths of flight(χ2=32.61,P=0.001).The prevalence of hyperlipidemia was significantly higher among aircrews with hypertension,high uric acid levels and high body mass index than in the normal group(χ2=10.13,18.82,33.59,all P=0.001).Hyperlipidemia was more common among aircrews who smoked cigarettes,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=20.58,P=0.001).Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that smoking status,body mass index,blood pressure,and uric acid levels were influencing factors of hyperlipidemia(OR=3.080,1.489,3.760,1.629,P＜0.001、=0.025、＜0.001、=0.026).Conclusion The prevalence of hyperlipidemia is high among aircrews.Smoking,body mass index,blood pressure and uric acid levels are the influencing factors of hyperlipidemia.Aviation health support should focus on the development of healthy lifestyles among aircrews.
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