Research on Weed Community Characteristics and Diversity in Yunnan Tobacco Field
In order to provide reference for weed control in tobacco fields,the species,distribution,quantity and growth conditions of weeds in Yunnan tobacco field were investigated and studied in detail.The weed populations of 93 tobacco fields from 28 counties(districts)in 8 cities(prefectures)of Yunnan Province were investigated by using the method of repeat plots in the tobacco fields.The weed list of Yunnan tobacco fields was compiled,and the diversity analysis,cluster analysis and invasion analysis were carried out.The results showed that in 93 tobacco fields from 28 counties(cities)of Yunnan Province,there were 102 species of weeds in 33 families,79 genera,and most of them were Asteraceae,Poaceae and Polygonaceae.There were 23 species of weeds in the family Asteraceae,representing 22.55％of the species.A total of 15 species of grasses and weeds,representing 14.71％of the Poaceae,were present.There were 9 species of weeds in Polygonaceae,accounting for 8.83％.Overall,Galinsoga quadriradiata is the dominant weed in the tobacco field,and Digitaria sanguinalis,Galinsoga parviflora,Fagopyrum urophyllum and Persicaria nepalensis being the relative dominant weeds.Their numbers are relatively large,and their harm to tobacco field is more obvious.The structure and composition of the weed communities in the tobacco fields varies from place to place.The weed community from the eight cities(prefectures)were divided into four clusters in terms of the weed relative abundance composition.The Ⅰ cluster included Dali,Lijiang and Qujing,the Ⅱ cluster incorporated Chuxiong and Yuxi,the Ⅲ cluster included Honghe and Kunming,and finally,the Ⅳ cluster was Zhaotong.Comparing the species diversity of each cities(prefectures),it was found that Yuxi and Honghe had higher species diversity index.There were 26 species of invasive plants in 12 families,22 genera,accounting for 25.49％of the total number of weeds.Of these,12 species of Asteraceae,representing 46.16％of the total invasive weeds,and the most widely distributed family.Among the invasive plants of Asteraceae,invasive weeds such as Galinsoga quadriradiata and Galinsoga parviflora are relatively high in abundance in Yunnan tobacco fields.In conclusion the diversity index of weed communities in tobacco field in Yunnan Province was high,but there were certain differences among different prefectures and cities.The results provided important data and materials for in-depth understanding of the impact of weeds on the ecological environment and tobacco production in tobacco fields.
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