公众科技风险感知与政府角色期待——基于科学技术与社会晴雨表调查的实证研究
Public Perceptions of Technological Risk and Government Role Expectation——An empirical study based on"Science,Technology and Society Barometer Survey"
阎妍 1徐超凡1
作者信息
摘要
政府支持和管理科学的方式,是政府、公众与科学之间共同缔结的"集体契约".如何将公众视角纳入相关讨论,是一个有待探索的研究议题,也是理解并优化这种"集体契约"的关键.本文基于 2023年的科学技术与社会晴雨表调查数据,分析我国公众对政府在科技领域中扮演角色的期待,并探讨了公众科技风险感知如何影响这些期待,以及科学兴趣在其中的调节作用.研究发现,我国公众普遍希望政府在科技资助决策、目标权衡和风险监管等方面扮演重要角色,且公众的科技风险感知能够强化这种期待.但在科技资助决策与目标权衡这两个维度,公众的科学兴趣能够显著降低科技风险感知对政府角色期待的正向影响.本研究强调了实施"负责任创新"理念、建立有效的科技风险沟通机制、以及激发公众对科学更深层次理解的重要性.
Abstract
The way the government funds and manages science is governed by a"collective contract"that exists between the government,the public,and science.How to incorporate the public perspective into discussions is a research issue that must be investigated.This is critical for understanding and optimizing this"collective contract".Based on data from the Science,Technology and Society Barometer Survey conducted in 2023,this study conducts an in-depth analysis of the expectations of Chinese public's regarding the role of the government in the field of science.It examines the influence of public perceptions of technological risk on government role expectation and the moderating effect of scientific interest.The study findings indicate that Chinese public generally expects the government to play a significant role in decision-making on scientific funding,goal balancing,and risk regulation,and that technological risk perception can intensify this expectation.However,in the dimensions of scientific funding decisions and goal balancing,the public's science interest can significantly reduce the positive impact of the perception of scientific and technological risks on the expectation for the government's role.The study emphasizes the significance of implementing the concept of"responsible innovation",establishing an effective communication mechanism for technological risks,and stimulating a deeper public understanding of science.
关键词
公众理解科学/政府角色期待/科技风险感知/科学兴趣Key words
public understanding of science/government role expectation/technological risk perception/science interest引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据