Forager-farmer transition at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia 4900 years ago

Minmin Ma ¹Minxia Lu ²Rui Sun ³Zhonghua Zhu ⁴Dorian Q.Fuller ⁵Jianxin Guo ⁶Guanglin He ⁶Xiaomin Yang ⁶Lingling Tan ⁷Yongxiu Lu ²Jiajia Dong ²Ruiliang Liu ⁸Jishuai Yang ²Bo Li ⁹Tiannan Guo ³Xiaorui Li ⁴Dongyue Zhao ¹⁰Ying Zhang ¹¹Chuan-Chao Wang ¹²Guanghui Dong¹

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作者信息

1. Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Zhaotong University,Zhaotong 657000,China
2. Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
3. Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine,Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province,School of Life Sciences,Westlake University,Hangzhou 310024,China;Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,Westlake Institute for Advanced Study,Hangzhou 310024,China
4. Yunnan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Kunming 650118,China
5. Institute of Archaeology,University College London,London WC1H OPY,UK;School of Cultural Heritage,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,China
6. State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology,School of Life Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;Department of Anthropology and Ethnology,Institute of Anthropology,School of Sociology and Anthropology,Xiamen University Xiamen 361005,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China
7. Westlake Omics(Hangzhou)Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310024,China
8. The Department of Asia,British Museum,London WC1E 7JW,UK;School of Cultural Heritage,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,China
9. Tonghai Cultural Relics Management,Yuxi 652700,China
10. School of Cultural Heritage,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,China
11. Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Resources and Environment,Beijing 100101,China
12. State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology,School of Life Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;Department of Anthropology and Ethnology,Institute of Anthropology,School of Sociology and Anthropology,Xiamen University Xiamen 361005,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology,Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics,School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,
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Abstract

The southward expansion of East Asian farmers profoundly influenced the social evolution of Southeast Asia by introducing cereal agriculture.However,the timing and routes of cereal expansion in key regions are unclear due to limited empirical evidence.Here we report macrofossil,microfossil,multiple isotopic(C/N/Sr/O)and paleoproteomic data directly from radiocarbon-dated human samples,which were unearthed from a site in Xingyi in central Yunnan and which date between 7000 and 3300 a BP.Dietary isotopes reveal the earliest arrival of millet ca.4900 a BP,and greater reliance on plant and animal agriculture was indicated between 3800 and 3300 a BP.The dietary differences between hunter-gatherer and agricultural groups are also evident in the metabolic and immune system proteins analysed from their skeletal remains.The results of paleoproteomic analysis indicate that humans had divergent biolog-ical adaptations,with and without farming.The combined application of isotopes,archaeobotanical data and proteomics provides a new approach to documenting dietary and health changes across major sub-sistence transitions.

Key words

Isotopes/Proteomics/Yunnan/Millet/Agricultural origins/Human health

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基金项目

Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK0601)

Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA2004010101)

National Natural Science Foundation of China(42271160)

National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060208)

National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801040)

National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270667)

Major Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(21&ZD285)

Major Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(20&ZD248)

National Key Research & Development Program of China(2020YFE0202200)

Westlake Education Foundation,Nanqiang Outstanding Young Talents Program of Xiamen University(X2123302)

European Research Council Grant(ERC-2019-ADG-883700-TRAM)

Academician and Expert Workstation of Yunnan Province(202305AF150183)

出版年

2024

科学通报(英文版)

中国科学院

科学通报(英文版)

CSTPCD

ISSN：1001-6538

参考文献量2

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