Topological spin-orbit-coupled fermions beyond rotating wave approximation

Han Zhang ¹Wen-Wei Wang ¹Chang Qiao ¹Long Zhang ²Ming-Cheng Liang ³Rui Wu ¹Xu-Jie Wang ¹Xiong-Jun Liu ⁴Xibo Zhang⁵

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作者信息

1. International Center for Quantum Materials,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter,Beijing 100871,China
2. School of Physics and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Hefei National Laboratory,Hefei 230088,China
3. International Center for Quantum Materials,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter,Beijing 100871,China;Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences,Beijing 100193,China
4. International Center for Quantum Materials,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter,Beijing 100871,China;Hefei National Laboratory,Hefei 230088,China;International Quantum Academy,Shenzhen 518048,China
5. International Center for Quantum Materials,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter,Beijing 100871,China;Hefei National Laboratory,Hefei 230088,China;Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences,Beijing 100193,China
折叠

Abstract

The realization of spin-orbit-coupled ultracold gases has driven a wide range of research and is typically based on the rotating wave approximation(RWA).By neglecting the counter-rotating terms,RWA char-acterizes a single near-resonant spin-orbit(SO)coupling in a two-level system.Here,we propose and experimentally realize a new scheme for achieving a pair of two-dimensional(2D)SO couplings for ultra-cold fermions beyond RWA.This work not only realizes the first anomalous Floquet topological Fermi gas beyond RWA,but also significantly improves the lifetime of the 2D-SO-coupled Fermi gas.Based on pump-probe quench measurements,we observe a deterministic phase relation between two sets of SO couplings,which is characteristic of our beyond-RWA scheme and enables the two SO couplings to be simultaneously tuned to the optimum 2D configurations.We observe intriguing band topology by measuring two-ring band-inversion surfaces,quantitatively consistent with a Floquet topological Fermi gas in the regime of high Chern numbers.Our study can open an avenue to explore exotic SO phy-sics and anomalous topological states based on long-lived SO-coupled ultracold fermions.

Key words

Spin-orbit coupling/Ultracold atoms/Fermi gases/Quantum simulation/Topological phases of matter

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基金项目

Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research Program(XDB35020100)

国家重点研发计划(2021YFA1400900)

国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0305601)

国家自然科学基金(11874073)

国家自然科学基金(12304564)

国家自然科学基金(11825401)

国家自然科学基金(12204187)

国家自然科学基金(12261160368)

Open Project of Shenzhen Institute of Quantum Science and Engineering(SIQSE202003)

Hefei National Laboratory()

Scientific and Technological Innovation 2030 Key Program of Quantum Communication and Quantum Computing(2021ZD0301903)

Scientific and Technological Innovation 2030 Key Program of Quantum Communication and Quantum Computing(2021ZD0302000)

出版年

2024

科学通报(英文版)

中国科学院

科学通报(英文版)

CSTPCD

ISSN：1001-6538

参考文献量112

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