Development of T cell antigen-based human coronavirus vaccines against nAb-escaping SARS-CoV-2 variants

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外文摘要：Currently approved vaccines have been successful in preventing the severity of COVID-19 and hospital-ization.These vaccines primarily induce humoral immune responses;however,highly transmissible and mutated variants,such as the Omicron variant,weaken the neutralization potential of the vaccines,thus,raising serious concerns about their efficacy.Additionally,while neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)tend to wane more rapidly than cell-mediated immunity,long-lasting T cells typically prevent severe viral illness by directly killing infected cells or aiding other immune cells.Importantly,T cells are more cross-reactive than antibodies,thus,highly mutated variants are less likely to escape lasting broadly cross-reactive T cell immunity.Therefore,T cell antigen-based human coronavirus(HCoV)vaccines with the potential to serve as a supplementary weapon to combat emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants with resistance to nAbs are urgently needed.Alternatively,T cell antigens could also be included in B cell antigen-based vaccines to strengthen vaccine efficacy.This review summarizes recent advancements in research and develop-ment of vaccines containing T cell antigens or both T and B cell antigens derived from proteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants and/or other HCoVs based on different vaccine platforms.

外文关键词：

COVID-19Immune escapeOmicron variantSARS-CoV-2T cell antigen-based vaccine

作者：

Hao Zhou、Ping Leng、Yang Wang、Kaiwen Yang、Chen Li、David M.Ojcius、Pengfei Wang、Shibo Jiang

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作者单位：

College of Medical Technology,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China

Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Chongqing 400016,China

Shanghai Pudong Hospital,Fudan University Pudong Medical Center,Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity,School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China

Department of Biomedical Sciences,University of the Pacific,Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry,San Francisco,CA 94115,USA

Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Ministry of Health/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China

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基金：

National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major ProjectNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaShanghai Rising-Star Program

项目编号：

2023YFC2307800030040018ZD2021CY0013227014222QA1408800

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.041

科学通报(英文版)

中国科学院

科学通报(英文版)

CSTPCD

ISSN：1001-6538

年,卷(期)：2024.69(15)