动物能够做类比吗?
Can Animals Make Analogies?
鲍建竹1
作者信息
摘要
类比研究经历了"类比的认知转向"后,类比作为人类认知的核心成为侯世达、根特纳等类比认知研究者的共识.随之而来的问题是,人类以外的动物能不能进行类比?对黑猩猩萨拉(Sarah)的研究给出了肯定答案,而对猴子的研究并不能提供辩护.这种思考路径本质上来自于传统认知的研究进路.米利肯基于生物学意向性自然化理论提供了一种新的思路.虽然她本人并没有直接讨论类比,但是我们能够充分证明,其关于专有功能的动物行为学是一个典型的动物行为的类比模型.
Abstract
Following the cognitive turn in analogy studies,researchers such as Hofstad-ter and Gentner basically agreed analogy was the core of human cognition.This prompts the question of whether animals other than humans can make analogies.A examination of Sarah,a Chimpanzee,offered a positive answer,but there was no evidence that monkeys can make analogies.This line of inquiry aligns with traditional cognitive re-search approach,though Millikan proposed an alternative perspective on the grounds of biological naturalization of intentionality.We can fully demonstrate that Millikan's e-thology with respect to proper function is a typical analogical model of animal behavior although she didn't directly mention analogy.
关键词
类比/认知/动物行为学Key words
analogy/cognition/ethology引用本文复制引用
基金项目
上海市哲学社会科学一般项目(2022BZX001)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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