科学革命视角下对近代"自然状态"学说的理论重构
Theoretical Reconstruction of Modern"Natural State"Theory from the Perspective of the Scientific Revolution
刘萌萌1
作者信息
- 1. 中国科学院大学人文学院;黑龙江大学哲学学院
- 折叠
摘要
近代政治哲学的核心"自然状态"学说的实质在于对人属自然的部分和属人的部分做出区分,并凸显前者的实在性与后者的虚幻性、可建构性.自然状态学说这一框架和各哲学家为其赋予的内容关联着近代自然科学领域对于自然新的理解,即把"自然"首先理解为客观的独立于人的"自然界",因而关联着近代人从整体上对自然世界与人的世界的划分.自然状态学说所体现的对社会的消解和还原,对附着在各种社会关系、意义网络中的人的消解与还原,与自然科学研究中实施的"去人化"策略是同一种思维方式在不同领域的表现.自然状态维度弱化了人的自然嵌入性和社会嵌入性,使人成为最初的存在论意义上的人,促进了人的自觉和自为,相应地造成了一系列社会后果和文化后果.
Abstract
As a core conept in modern political philosophy,the essence of the"natu-ral state"theory is to distinguish between the natural and artificial aspects of humanity,highlight the reality of the former and the illusory and constructible nature of the latter.This paper argues that the framework and content of the"natural state"theory as given by philosophers,are linked to the new understanding of nature in early modern natural science.This new understanding views"nature"as objective and independent of hu-mans,and therefore related to the division between the natural world and the human world.The dissolution and restoration of the society and individuals mirror the"dehu-manization"approach implemented in natural science.The dimension of"natural state"reduces the natural and social embeddedness of humans,transforming them into existentialists in the original sense,enhancing their self-consciousness,and corre-spondingly leading to a series of social and cultural consequences.
关键词
自然观/科学革命/政治哲学/自然状态/人性论Key words
Natural View/Scientific Revolution/political philosophy/natural state/theory of human nature引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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