Radical innovation,an essential means to make breakthroughs in the key and core technologies,is affected by syner-gies gained from multiple factors.However,existing studies that explored the net effect of single factor cannot explain the com-plex causations and diverse paths leading to the radical innovation in enterprises.Based on the society ecosystems theory,this study constructed a configuration analysis framework for radical innovation,and used the fsQCA method to analyze the antecedent configuration that affect the high and non-high radical innovation.The research found that:(1)there is no single necessary con-dition for high or non-high radical innovation,that is,the radical innovation of enterprises is affected by the synergy of multiple factors;(2)there are four configuration paths leading to high radical innovation,which can be summarized as capability-driven path,motivation-driven path,internal resource coupling path and external resource coupling path according to the distribution characteristics of core conditions;(3)there are three configuration paths that lead to non-high radical innovation,which can be summarized as capacity-constrained path and resource-deficient path according to the distribution characteristics of core condi-tions;(4)technical competence as a core condition plays an important role in the multiple paths that lead to high or non-high radical innovation.The conclusions of this study can provide many theoretical implications and practical enlightenments for enter-prises to achieve high radical innovation or to ameliorate non-high radical innovation.