As a new cognitive space of the earth and an important national security space,near space has gradually attracted the attention in the world.Launch scheme of balloon-borne unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)could make the UAV reach the desired height quickly,and reduce the fuel consumption caused by flying through the dense atmosphere of troposphere.Thus,it has attracted widespread attention and is becoming an important way for UAV's take-off.The balloon-launch take-off mode puts forward higher requirements to the control technologies of high-altitude balloons and balloon-borne UAVs.The high-altitude and low-density flight environment makes the low speed flight of the UAV have obvious aerodynamic characteristics of low Reynolds number.The wind disturbance that changes sharply with the height increases the difficulty for the balloon-borne platform to stay in the fixed area.The rotating motion of the balloon-borne platform during the rising process bring huge influence on the control of the launch conditions.The judgement of the launch time and the pull up control pose new challenges to the flexible unmanned aerial vehicle with large wingspan.In this paper,the key control technologies and the research status of the balloon-borne UAV in near space are summarized,and the future applications are also prospected.
关键词
投放飞行器/低雷诺数特性/动力学模型/定点驻空控制/反转控制/拉起控制
Key words
balloon-borne unmanned aerial vehicle/aerodynamic characteristics of low Reynolds number/dynamic model/station-keeping control/inversion control/pull up control
维普
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