摘要
为明确适宜滨海稻区的秸秆还田技术,以盐丰47为材料,研究不同秸秆还田处理对土壤理化性质及粳稻产量品质的影响.结果表明:秸秆还田处理提高了土壤全氮、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量,且秸秆还田增施腐熟剂处理改善土壤理化性质的程度更高.秸秆还田增施腐熟剂处理的土壤全氮、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量较秸秆不还田处理两年平均增加8.45％、13.64％、12.28％、8.66％、18.66％.秸秆还田较秸秆不还田两年平均增产1.72％,且主要是增加水稻的每穗实粒数和总颖花量进而影响产量的.秸秆还田对糙米率、精米率、垩白粒率和垩白度影响不显著,提高了蛋白质含量和食味值,降低了直链淀粉含量.秸秆还田增施腐熟剂改善土壤环境、提高水稻产量效果最佳,可作为滨海稻区秸秆还田措施推广应用.
Abstract
In order to clarify the suitable straw returning technology for coastal rice areas,the effects of different straw returning treatments on soil physical and chemical properties and yield and quality of japonica rice were studied using Yanfeng 47 as the material.The results showed that straw returning treatment increased the content of total nitrogen,organic matter,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in the soil,and the degree of improvement of soil physical and chemical properties was higher in straw returning treatment with decomposing agent.The total nitrogen,organic matter,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium content in the soil treated with straw returning and increasing the application of decomposing agent increased by an average of 8.45％,13.64％,12.28％,8.66％,and 18.66％compared to the two years without straw returning.Returning straw to the field resulted in an average yield increase of 1.72％over the past two years compared to not returning straw,mainly due to an increase in the number of grains per panicle and the total number of spikelets in rice,which in turn affected the yield.The effect of returning straw to the field on brown rice rate,polished rice rate,chalky grain rate,and chalkiness was not significant,but it increased protein content and taste value,and reduces amylose content.The best effect of straw returning to the field and applying composting agents to improve soil environment and increase rice yield can be promoted and applied as a straw returning measure in coastal region.
基金项目
农产品质量安全监管项目(151821301092361510)
国家重点研发计划子课题(2018YFD0300306-04)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据