Objective The purpose ofthis study is to understand the relationship between the deficits in attentional per-formance and impulsive behaviors with aberrant dopamine(DA)signaling in the midbrain.Methods The study used the ADHD-200 sample and seed-based functional connectivity(FC)analysis to assess the change of disturbed functional con-nectivity in ADHD.In accordance with the previous studies,bilateral ventral tegmental area(VTA)、substantia nigra pars compacta(SNc)and locus coeruleus(LC)were selected as seeds to explore the difference in FC.Results In functional connectivity analyses,with the seed placed in the left-midbrain areas,ADHD group,compared with the control group,showed distinctly higher FC with the bilateral brainstem、ponsas well as the left putamen,internal capsule,dorsal thalamu and tem-poral lobe.Conclusion The present results point to a clear dissociation between children with ADHD and controls.There-fore,midbrain-based network may contribute towards understanding the pathophysiology of ADHD and hemispheric brain a-symmetry differences appeared to be a durable feature of ADHD liability.
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorderResting-state functional magnetic resonance imagingDopamineSeed-based functional connectivity
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