Quantitative detection and clinical value of allergens in children of Nanjing area from 2021 to 2022
Objective To explore the distribution and patterns of allergens in children with allergies in Nanjing from 2021 to 2022,and then provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children.Methods The data of 8 855 children with allergies in the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2021 to December 2022 were statistically analyzed in combination with gender,age,season and clinical diagnosis.Results The positive rate of serum sIgE in 8 855 children was 59.87%.Milk(35.00%),egg albumin(34.00%),and nut mixture(13.19%)were the top three of food allergens.The top three of inhalation allergens were dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(28.28%),dermatophagoides farinae(27.56%),and mixed mold(23.50%).Except for milk and dog dander,the positive rates of serum sIgE for other allergens in boys were significantly higher than that in girls(P＜0.05).The children under 3 years old were mainly allergic to food allergens.Milk and egg albumin were the main al-lergens.The children over 3 years old were mainly allergic to inhalation allergens and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,dermatopha-goides farinae,and mixed mold were the main allergens.The positive rates of inhaled allergens were the highest in summer and the low-est in winter.There were statistically significant differences in the positivity rates of other allergens among different seasons,except for cat dander,dog dander,and German cockroaches(P＜0.05).Ingestive allergens often cause skin and digestive system problems in children and inhalation allergens often involve the respiratory system of children.Conclusion The common allergens in Nanjing are milk,egg albumin,dust mites,and mixed mold.There are some differences in allergens among different genders,ages,seasons and diseases.Reasonable and accurate detection of allergens can provide prevention and nursing basis for children and reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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