Graphene oxide aerogels promote proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchy-mesenchymal stem cells
Objective:To study the effects of graphene oxide(GO)aerogels on the proliferation and osteogenic differ-entiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs).Methods:The cells were obtained by tissue culture from the round mandibular bone fragments of New Zealand white rabbits.The cells were identified by immunofluorescence staining of stem cell marker CD44 and BMSCs marker CD90.The identified cells were inoculated into 96 well plate pores,gelatin sponge(GS)scaffold,GO aerogel gel scaffold.Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)was used to detect OD values of blank group,GS group and GO group cells on day 1～3.In addition,the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity of each group cells was detected by ALP kit post-induction 7 days.In vivo experiments were conducted in New Zealand white rabbits.Three circular bone de-fects were prepared on the buccal bone wall of bilateral mandibles in New Zealand white rabbits,and were filled with blood(blank group),Bio-Oss bone powder(bone meal group)and GO aerogel stent(scaffold group),separately.Three months lat-er,the bone formation in the defect area was observed by X-ray,cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)and HE staining.Results:The third generation cells cultured by tissue block method were both CD44 and CD90 positive,which confirming that those were BMSCs.Both GO and GS scaffolds promoted the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts.The effect of GO scaffold on promoting osteogenic differentiation was better than that of GS scaffold.The animal experiment results showed that both GO and GS scaffolds promoted osteogenesis in the defect area,and the osteogenic effect of GO scaffold was better than that of bone powder group.The HE staining showed that both the GO scaffold group and the bone powder group showed continuity with the edge of the defect area,while the GO scaffold had a better effect.Conclusion:GO aerogel could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs,as well as the formation of new bone in the bone defect area.It is a good scaffold material for tissue engineering.
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