Objective To improve the understanding of diagnosis and treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula(SDAVF).Methods The clinical data of a patient with SDAVF admitted to Department of Neurosurgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University in March 2021 were analyzed retrospectively,and the relevant literature were reviewed.Results After excluding complications of spinal cord injury,spinal cord hematoma,and anesthesia,methylprednisolone shock therapy was administered.Then the clinical symptoms worsened.After undergoing spinal cord angiography,the diagnosis was SDAVF.It was surgically removed and the patient ultimately recovered well.Conclusions Rapid and accurate diagnosis is particularly important for the prognosis of SDAVF,and inappropriate treatment methods can also have a certain impact on disease progression.Surgical resection should be performed as soon as possible.