The Variation Pattern of Heart Rate Circadian Rhythm and Heart Rate Variability in Normal Individuals
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of heart rate,heart rate circadian rhythm and variation patternof heart rate variability(HRV)between normal children and adultsusing heart rate circadian rhythm and heart rate variability.Methods A total of 167 healthy individuals,including 60 children and 107 adults,were randomly selected.Those with(mean daytime heart rate-mean nighttime heart rate)/mean daytime heart rate ≥ 20％were classified as extreme dipper heart rate,≥10％as dipper heart rate,＜10％as non-dipper heart rate,and＜0％as reverse-dipper heart rate.All participants underwent 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram monitoring,and data,including 24-hour average heart rate(AHR),daytime heart rate(DHR),nighttime heart rate(NHR),the qualitative index of heart rate variability(SDNN),and circadian heart rate decline rate,were collected for statistical analysis.Statistical methods included variance test,and positive rate compared using the chi-square test.Results In the children group,the extreme dipper heart rate predominated at 90％,while the dipper heart rate constituted 10％.In the adult group,the dipper heart rate was concentrated at 85％,with the non-dipper heart rate accounting for only 12％,the extreme dipper heart rate accounting for 3％,and the proportion of non-dipper heart rate increased with age.Significant differences were observed between the children and adult groups in extreme dipper heart rate,dipper heart rate and non-dipper heart rate(P＜0.001).The children group had 0 cases of non-dipper heart rate and reverse-dipper heart rate,while the adult group had 3％extreme dipper heart rate and 0 cases reverse-dipper heart rate.Significant differences were also noted between the children and adult groups in heart rate,heart rate variability,and circadian heart rate decline rate(P＜0.001).Conclusions The children group exhibited a predominance of extreme dipper heart rate,increased heart rate variability,and an elevated circadian heart rate decline rate with an average decline rate of 24％.This suggests that children possess stronger autonomic nervous regulation,with heightened sympathetic and vagal nerve tension compared to adults.Conversely,adults displayed a gradual decrease in heart rate,heart rate variability,and circadian heart rate decline rate with age,indicating a gradual attenuation of autonomic nervous regulation function.
Normal individualsCircadian rhythm of heart rateHeart rate variability
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