Observation on early exercise capacity of patients after cardiac surgery
Objective To observe the early exercise capacity and characteristics of patients after cardiac surgery by cardiopulmonary exercise test.Methods In this retrospective study,the patients who underwent early cardiopulmonary exercise tests after cardiac surgery at Anzhen Hospital from June 2016 to February 2019 were included.Cardiopulmonary exercise test indexes(anaerobic threshold,peak oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide ventilation equivalent)were collected.To explore the exercise capacity in different periods,patients were divided into discharge group,1 month group,and 2 months group.In addition,to explore the exercise capacity of discharge group in different surgical types,the discharge group were divided into aortic surgery,bypass surgery and valve surgery.Results All patients completed the cardiopulmonary exercise test above the anaerobic threshold,and no adverse events such as exercise accidents occurred.①The difference in heart rate when discharge group reached the anaerobic threshold[(8.8±7.1)bpm]was statistically different from that of the other two groups[(17.0±5.9)bpm]、[(18.3±10.5)bpm](P＜0.05);The anaerobic thresholds in 1 month group and 2 months group[(1 1.2±3.1)ml/(kg·min)]、[(11.9±2.6)ml/(kg·min)]were significantly higher than those in discharge group[(8.0±1.5)ml/(kg·min)];the results of peak oxygen uptake are consistent with the anaerobic threshold;the difference in the slope of the equivalent carbon dioxide ventilation of each group showed no statistically significant.②In discharge group,patients with aortic surgery[(7.2±1.3)ml/(kg·min)]and bypass surgery[(7.2±1.3)ml/(kg·min)]had lower postoperative anaerobic threshold than valve surgery[(9.6±1.5)ml/(kg·min)](P＜0.05).Conclusions The early stage of cardiac surgery patients'exercise ability recovered significantly within 30 to 60 days after surgery;within 30 days after surgery,patients with aortic surgery and bypass surgery had lower exercise capacity than valve surgery.
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