Protective Effect of Neonatal Hepatitis B Vaccine Against HBV Breakthrough Infection in Children with Leukemia: A Real-world Study

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外文摘要：Background and Aims: Hepatitis B vaccine is the most ef-fective preventive measure against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the risk of HBV breakthrough infection in fully immunized children (neonatal hepatitis B immuniza-tion) who receive immunosuppressive therapy and transfu-sion of blood components is not well characterized. In this real-world study, we aimed to investigate the immune pro-tection conferred by neonatal hepatitis B vaccine in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who were treated with immunosuppressive therapy and blood component transfusions. Methods: Children with ALL who had received all three doses of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine were included in this study. HBV seromarkers were detected before and after the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Results: A total of 1,011 children with ALL who were fully vaccinated against hepatitis B in infancy before the initiation of im-munosuppressive therapy were eligible for inclusion. HBV infection was detected in four of 410 children (0.98％) with an HBsAg test after the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. The median interval from treatment initiation was 19 months. Conclusions: Three doses of neonatal hepa-titis B vaccine conferred adequate protection. In endemic regions, there is a low risk of HBV breakthrough infection in fully immunized children with immunosuppressive therapy.

外文关键词：

Hepatitis B vaccineImmune protectionChildrenBreakthrough infection

作者：

Yuting Yang、Jianwen Xiao、Xiuyu Zhang、Hui Yang、Zhenzhen Zhang、Hongmei Xu、Ailong Huang、Yao Zhao

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作者单位：

National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders,China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China

Department of Hematology,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China

Departmentof Laboratory,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China

Department of Infection,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China

Institute for Viral Hepatitis,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China

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基金：

国家自然科学基金National Clinical Re-search Center for Child Health and Disorders General projectNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders Youth ProjectOutstanding Youth Foundation of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityCentral Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Projects-demonstration of Science and Technology In-novation

项目编号：

81371876NCRCCHD-2019-GP-04NCRCCHD-2021-YP-03

出版年：

2022

DOI：

10.14218/JCTH.2021.00291

临床与转化肝病杂志(英文版)

ISSN：

年,卷(期)：2022.10(5)

参考文献量30