Analysis of SYVN1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with immune cell infiltration
Objective To investigate the E3 ubiquitin ligase synoviolin 1(SYVN1)expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and its correlation with immune cell infiltration.Methods Online analysis of SYVN1 expression levels were performed in 182 ESCC tissues and 286 normal tissues from TCGA database and GTEx project using GEPIA2 database.Immunohistochemistry and qPCR were used to detect the expression levels of SYVN1 in 80 pairs of ESCC tissues and adjacent tissues.Relationship between SYVN1 expression and the clinical pathological characteristics of ESCC were analyzed,and TIMER database was applied to analyze the correlation between SYVN1 expression and immune cell infiltration.Results The online analysis of GEPIA2 database found that the expression of SYVN1 gene was upregulated in ESCC tissues(P＜0.05);Immunohistochemistry and qPCR quantification results showed that the integrated optical density value and mRNA level of SYVN1 in ESCC tissues were higher than those in adjacent tissues(2.21±0.23 vs.1.00±0.18;2.57±1.11 vs.1.00±0.67),and the above differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Among 80 ESCC tissues,there were 35 cases of low expression and 45 cases of high expression with a high expression rate of 56.3%.Further analysis revealed that SYVN1 expression was not related to the age,gender or lymph node metastasis of ESCC(P＞0.05),but was related to tumor staging and differentiation degree(P＜0.05).The high SYVN1 expression rate in tissues of stage Ⅲwas80.0%(29/25),higher than45.5%(25/55)in tissues of stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ,and it was 80.0%(16/20)in poorly differentiated tissues,higher than 48.3%(29/60)in moderately and highly differentiated tissues.The TIMER analysis results showed that the expression of SYVN1 was not significantly correlated with the infiltration of CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells,neutrophils,and dendritic cells in ESCC tissues(P＞0.05),but positively correlated with the infiltration of B cells(r=0.237,P＜0.01)and macrophages(r=0.149,P＜0.05).Conclusion SYVN1 is significantly increased in ESCC tissues,possibly affecting the infiltration of B cells and macrophages in the tumor microenvironment,and subsequently affecting tumor progression.
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