A Study of Development Issues in the Collision Between Liberal Internationalism and Cold War Mentality:The Case of the Cornell-Peru Project
In the early Cold War,within the framework of liberal internationalism,the United States sought to transform underdeveloped regions through development assistance projects,and relevant applied research dominated American social sciences.In 1949,with funding from American foundations,the Department of Anthropology and Sociology at Cornell University took the lead in conducting applied anthropology research in the southwestern United States,and later gradually extended it to other"backward"areas.As an extension of this plan,from 1952 to 1966,the Cornell-Peru Project,promoted by anthropologist Allan R.Holmberg,was launched in Vicos Hacienda in Peruvian Andes.During this process,local society experienced a certain degree of improvements with the introduction of agricultural science,the advancement of nutrition and health programs,the development of Indian education,and the creation of social organizations.However,in the early 1960s,the intervention of the US'Peace Corps volunteers plunged this anthropological experiment into the vortex of conflict,and thus the experiment gradually lost its scientific background.In 1966,American foundations and related aid agencies terminated funding,and the researchers left Vicos Hacienda.The research of Cornell-Peru Project showed that the guided change formulated by the American social science researchers based on their own country's development model was"unacclimated",because it was divorced from the reality of Indian community in Latin American.It can be argued that the liberal internationalism they upheld essentially served the political purpose of winning the Cold War.
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