In the 1920s and 1930s,under the combined effect of poor natural conditions,cruel exploitation by feudal forces,ignorant and backward thinking,serious social problems and war,peasants in Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region became poorer,which caused crisis in the survival of peasants,increased the difficulty of governance,and affected the war of resistance.In order to improve people's lives and minimize the poverty of peasants,the Party Central Committee and the Border Region Government improved the living standards of peasants through the formu-lation of supportive agricultural policies and the establishment of a bottom-up social relief policy.The distinctive poverty management policy of Yan'an period is of practical significance to the modernization of preventing the re-turn of poverty and promoting the common prosperity of the people.