摘要
以黄瓜为试验材料,采用田间试验研究方法,设置常规施肥(FP)、优化施肥(OPT)和优化施肥配施海藻酸有机水溶肥(OPT-1)3个处理,研究优化施肥配施海藻酸有机水溶肥对温室黄瓜产量、品质、养分吸收、土层硝态氮残留及经济效益的影响.结果表明,与FP、OPT处理相比,在化肥纯养分N、P2O5、K2O分别节肥17.2％～61.6％、18.4％～69.0％、16.9％～58.6％的情况下,OPT-1 处理增产 17.2％～20.9％;w(可溶性糖)、w(维生素C)、w(可溶性蛋白)分别提高31.5％～37.5％、3.3％～6.7％和8.3％～12.7％,w(硝酸盐)显著降低8.0％～9.1％;黄瓜植株和果实氮素吸收量分别增加了 12.5％～25.4％和4.6％～5.4％;0～20cm和20～40cm土层w(硝态氮)分别降低32.3％～43.8％和37.3％～65.0％;经济效益分别提高了 15.3％～22.1％.
Abstract
Using cucumber as the experimental material and using field experimental research methods,three treatments are set up:conventional fertilization(FP),optimized fertilization(OPT),and alginate organic water-soluble fertilizer(OPT-1).The effects of optimized fertilization combined with alginate organic water-soluble fertilizer on greenhouse cucumber yield,quality,nutrient absorption,soil nitrate nitrogen residue,and economic benefits are studied.The results show that compared with FP and optimized fertilization treatments,optimized fertilization combined with application of alginate treatment saved 17.2％-61.6％,18.4％-69.0％,16.9％-58.6％of N,P2O5,K2O,respectively,and increased fruit yield by 17.2％-20.9％;increased fruit soluble sugar content by 31.5％-37.5％,VC content by 3.3％-6.7％,and soluble protein content by 8.3％-12.7％,and reduced nitrate content by 8.0％-9.1％,respectively;Increased straw and fruit nitrogen uptake by 12.5％-25.4％and 4.6％-5.4％,respectively;Decreased nitrate nitrogen content by 32.3％-43.8％,37.3％-65.0％in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers,respectively;Improved economic benefits by 15.3％-22.1％.
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