Prevalence and Relevant Factors of Cognitive Frailty in Older Adults in China:A Systematic Review
To systematically evaluate the prevalence of cognitive frailty and its associated factors among the elderly population in China,we searched the literature of cross-sectional studies and cohort studies on prevalence of cognitive frailty and related factors in Chinese older adults(≥ 60)both in Chinese and English from 11 databases including PubMed/Medline,Embase,et al.,as well as two clinical trial registration platforms,namely,the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform(ICTRP)and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry.The risk of bias of the literature that met the inclusion criteria was assessed through the bias risk assessment tool recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ),meta-analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software,and the results were presented using forest plots.Results of the meta-analysis show that the prevalence of cognitive frailty among the elderly population in China is 18.9％[95％CI(16.3％,21.6％)];the prevalence of reversible cognitive frailty is 19.5％[95％CI(14％,25％)];the prevalence of potentially reversible cognitive frailty is 17.5％[95％CI(13.5％,19.9％)];the prevalence of cognitive frailty among community-dwelling older adults is 14.3％[95％CI(11％,17.7％)];the prevalence of cognitive frailty among the elderly in nursing homes is 22.7％[95％CI(17％,28.3％)];the prevalence of cognitive frailty among the hospitalized elderly is 25.2％[95％CI(20.9％,29.4％)].Factors associated with cognitive frailty include age,gender,educational level,nutrition,depression,exercise,sleep,and comorbidities.It is concluded that the prevalence of cognitive frailty among the elderly population in China is relatively high,and the prevalence of reversible cognitive frailty may be underestimated.Risk factors for cognitive frailty among the elderly in China include advanced age,being a female,malnutrition,depression,poor sleep quality,and comorbidities,while higher educational level and regular exercise are protective factors.
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