From the Moral Standing of States to the Reform of Global Governance—On the Turn of Walzer's Theory of International Justice
Starting from the moral standing of states,based on the concept of toleration and centered on the concept of just war,Walzer constructed a theory of international justice with the maintenance of autonomy of political communities at its core.Cosmopolitans,such as Beitz and Pogge,have constructed various theories of global justice from individual perspectives,which has brought many challenges to Walzer's theory of international justice.Walzer later adjusted his position,advocated a charity-based aid obligation and promoted a gradual reform of global governance.Comparatively speaking,it is more morally convincing for cosmopolitans to regard individuals as the subject of distributive justice,while it is more realistic for Walzer to regard political communities as the setting of distributive justice.The turn of Walzer's theory has not changed his conservatism,and his specious defense of human rights is unsatisfactory,which cannot essentially solve the problem of"justice gap".
international justicecosmopolitanismglobal justiceMichael Walzer
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