Techno-economic analysis(TEA)and life cycle assessment(LCA)can comprehensively evaluate the economic,technical,and environmental impacts of municipal sludge treatment and disposal.Sludge treatment and disposal research progress has been reviewed from the perspective of TEA and LCA research methods in recent years,and the construction of a TEA-LCA evaluation system is introduced,in addition to outlining the application of TEA-LCA in the field of sludge treatment and disposal.The results indicate that TEA-LCA is a valuable tool for assessing the techno-economic and environmental performance of a process.It offers a reference for optimizing processes and selecting schemes and can be promoted as a process evaluation standard.