Agricultural activities are a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in China.By changing farming methods,especially the use of organic fertilizers instead of inorganic fertilizers to store carbon in the soil,it can not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow down global warming,but also improve soil quality and promote green,healthy and sustainable development of agriculture.This paper systematically discussed the energy-saving and emission reduction effects of organic fertilizer in the process of production and application,pointed out the promoting role of organic fertilizer in agricultural carbon sequestration,and analyzed how organic fertilizer affected greenhouse gas emissions by changing soil microbial community structure,microbial richness and soil enzyme activity.In order to provide reference for the future research and practice to achieve better agricultural carbon emission control effect.