Research progress on phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors in the treatment of palmoplantar pustulosis
Palmoplantar pustulosis(PPP)is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease.Existing therapeutic methods cannot meet the demand by patients.Phosphodiesterase-4(PDE-4)is a key enzyme involved in the balance of immunocytes.It acts as a downstream mediator in the signaling pathways of a variety of cytokines which are associated with palmoplantar pustulosis and extensively regulate immune responses.Apremilast,as representative of the oral PDE-4 inhibitors,displays superior efficacy in clinical trials against palmoplantar pustulosis.Crisaborole has also been regulate to induce sustained improvement in skin lesions.This article reviews the research progress on PDE-4 inhibitors in treatment of palmoplantar pustulosis.