2018-2021年渤海中西部海域雷暴大风时空分布特征
Spatiotemporal distribution of thunderstorm gust in the central and western Bohai Sea from 2018 to 2021
左涛 1王科 1孙晓磊 1王亚男1
作者信息
- 1. 天津海洋中心气象台,天津 300074;天津市海洋重点实验室,天津 300074
- 折叠
摘要
选用自动气象站、ADTD闪电定位和多普勒雷达等观测资料,统计 2018-2021 年渤海中西部海域雷暴大风的强度、时空分布和天气类型,基于ERA5 再分析资料和自动气象站观测资料,分析大范围雷暴大风发生前的物理量参数特征和参考阈值.结果表明:渤海中西部海域雷暴大风风速主要为8～9 级,渤海西部和南部近岸海区为发生频次最多的区域,最多月份为6-7 月,最多时段为前半夜.持续4h及以上的雷暴大风过程中,大范围雷暴大风过程占比为86%.导致雷暴大风发生的500 hPa天气系统为冷涡型(46%)、高空槽型(37%)、副热带高压边缘型(12%)和西北气流型(5%).大范围雷暴大风发生前对流层中层存在明显的干层,应用物理量参数阈值进行预报时,需考虑天气系统和季节气候特征的影响.
Abstract
Using observation data from automatic meteorological stations,ADTD lightning positioning,and Doppler radar,we analyzed the intensity,spatiotemporal distribution and synoptic patterns of thunderstorm gust over the central and western Bohai Sea from 2018 to 2021.Based on the ERA5 reanalysis data and observation data from automatic meteorological stations,we also studied the characteristics and reference thresholds of physical quantities before the occurrence of widespread thunderstorms gust.The results indicate that the thunderstorm gust in the cen-tral and western Bohai Sea were mainly within the levels of 8 to 9,mostly occurred in the western and southern coastal areas of Bohai Sea,in June and July and in the early night.Among the thunderstorm gust events that lasted for 4 hours or more,the widespread thunderstorm gust events accounted for 86%.The synoptic systems at 500 hPa triggering thunderstorm gust were classified as the cold vortex type(46%),the high-level trough type(37%),the subtropical high edge type(12%),and the northwesterly flow type(5%).There was an obvious dry layer in the middle troposphere before the occurrence of widespread thunderstorm gust.When applying physical parameter thresholds for forecasting,the impact of synoptic systems and seasonal climate features needs to be considered.
关键词
天气类型/雷暴大风/物理量参数Key words
Synoptic system/Thunderstorm gust/Physical parameter引用本文复制引用
基金项目
环渤海区域海洋气象科技协同创新项目(QYXM202313)
中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2020-007)
天津市气象局研究型业务专项(202103yjxywzx02)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据