目的 肌少症和营养不良共患比单纯的肌少症或营养不良更具危害,但在临床实践中却常被忽视.本研究旨在探究长照机构肌少症可能老年人的营养不良状况并分析相关因素.方法 调查上海市某长照机构所有≥60岁入住对象,共包含583名(平均86.0±6.6岁).采用问卷调查与面对面访谈相结合的方式,收集相关研究资料.运用微型营养评定简表(Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form,MNA-SF)评估老人营养状况.依据2019亚洲肌少症诊断与治疗共识(Asi-an Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019,AWGS 2019)筛查研究对象肌少症可能患病率.运用多因素分析调查肌少症可能与营养不良/营养不良风险共患的相关影响因素.结果 调查显示65.9％长照机构老年人存在肌少症可能.在肌少症可能的老年人群中,同时存在营养不良/营养不良风险的比例高达62.2％,其中存在营养不良的比例为15.6％,存在营养不良风险的比例为46.6％.多因素分析发现女性(OR 0.58;95％CI 0.38～0.89),每周运动3次及以上(OR 0.18;95％CI 0.12～0.27),高照护等级(OR 2.20;95％CI 1.08～4.47),吞咽障碍(OR3.45;95％CI 1.71～6.98)和痴呆(OR 3.24;95％CI2.08～5.02)是肌少症可能与营养不良/营养不良风险共患的独立相关因素.结论 长照机构老年人肌少症可能与营养不良/营养不良风险的共患比例较高,并受运动、照护等级、吞咽障碍和痴呆等因素影响,应尽早开展个性化干预.
Malnutrition status and related influencing factors of elderly individuals with possible sarcopenia in a long-term care facility in Shanghai
Objective The co-occurrence of sarcopenia and malnutrition is more harmful than simple sarcopenia or mal-nutrition,but it is often overlooked in clinical practice.The aim of this study is to explore the malnutrition status of elderly in-dividuals with possible sarcopenia in a long-term care facility and analyze its related influencing factors.Methods A survey was conducted on all residents aged≥ 60 in a long-term care facility in Shanghai,including 583 individuals(average 86.0±6.6 years old).Questionnaire survey and face-to-face interview were used to collect relevant research data.The Mini Nutritional As-sessment Short Form(MNA-SF)was used to evaluate the nutritional status of the elderly.The patients with possible sarcopenia were identified based on the Asian Working Group for sarcopenia 2019(AWGS 2019).Multivariate analysis was used to inves-tigate the relevant influencing factors that might be associated with co-occurrence of possible sarcopenia and malnutrition/mal-nutrition risk.Results The survey showed that 65.9％of the elderly people had possible sarcopenia.Among the elderly peo-ple with possible sarcopenia,the proportion of malnutrition/malnutrition risk was as high as 62.2％(239/384).Among them,the proportion of malnutrition was 15.6％,and the proportion of malnutrition risk was 46.6％.Multivariate analysis found that females(OR 0.58;95％CI0.38-0.89),exercise frequency of ≥3 times per week(OR 0.18;95％CI0.12-0.27),high lev-el of nursing care(OR 2.20;95％CI 1.08-4.47),dysphagia(OR 3.45;95％CI 1.71-6.98)and dementia(OR 3.24;95％CI 2.08-5.02)were independent factors that may be associated with the co-occurrence of possible sarcopenia and malnutrition/malnutrition risk.Conclusions Elderly individuals in long-term care facility may have a higher proportion of co-occurrence of possible sarcopenia and malnutrition/malnutrition risk.They are influenced by many factors such as exercise,care level,dys-phagia and dementia.Therefore,personalized interventions should be carried out as early as possible.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
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