Traditional Chinese medicine constitution characteristics and related risk factors of elderly patients with physicalfrailty
Objective To explore the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution characteristics and related risk factors of elderly patients with physical frailty.Methods A cross-sectional study was adopted.204 elderly patients who met the inclusion criteria and received medical treatment in Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from July 2022 to July 2023 were evaluated for physical frailty and TCM constitution.The main TCM constitution of physical frailty was identified by Chi-square test.In addition,their basic data and past medical history were collected,and the biochemical indicators,bone min-eral density and physical function were examined.The risk factors of various major TCM constitutions were determined by binary logistic regression.Results Among the 204 elderly people,there were 59 cases(28.9％)without frailty,77 ones(37.7％)in the pre-frailty stage,and 68 ones(33.4％)in the frailty stage.There was no significant difference in biochemical indicators and bone mineral density among the three groups(P＞0.05),but there were significant differences in age,urinary system history,frailty phenotype score,grip strength,4-meter walking time,timed standing up test time and Simple Physical Status Scale score(P＜0.001).The main TCM constitutions associated with physical frailty were Qi-deficiency,Phlegm-dampness,Blood-stasis and Qi-stagnation(P＜0.001).Among them,male[OR=1.90,95％CI(1.00-3.62),P=0.046]and decreasedhip bone mineral density[OR=0.05,95％CI(0.00-0.93),P=0.040]were risk factors for Qi-deficiency;de-creased high-density lipoprotein[OR=0.35,95％CI(0.14,0.90),P=0.030]was risk factor for Phlegm-dampness;hyper-tension[OR=2.33,5％CI(1.19-4.57),P=0.014],increased fasting blood glucose[OR=1.62,95％CI(1.05,2.49),P=0.028]and increased glycated hemoglobin[OR=2.16,95％CI(1.05,4.45),P=0.038]were risk factors for Blood-stasis;age[OR=1.05,95％CI(1.01-1.09),P=0.017],cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases[OR=2.08,95％CI(1.31-3.81),P=0.018],and lower femoral neck bone density[OR=0.03,95％CI(0.01-0.71),P=0.030]were risk factors for Qi-depression.Conclusions The main TCM constitutions in elderly patients with physical frailty are Qi-deficiency,Phlegm-dampness,Blood-stasis and Qi-depression.Qi-deficiency is associated with male and decreased hip bone mineral densi-ty.Phlegm-dampness is associatedwithdecreased high-density lipoprotein levels.Blood-stasis is associated withhypertension and the increasedfasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin.Qi-depression is associated with age,cardiovascular and cerebro-vascular diseases and the decrease of femoral neck bone density.
elderlyfrailtyphysical frailtytraditional Chinese medicine constitution
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