Objective To explore the correlation of peripheral blood cluster of differentiation(CD)3/human leukocyte antigen-D-related(HLA-DR)with the disease severity and prognosis of severe mycoplasma pneumonia(MPP).Methods Eighty-eight patients with MPP in our hospital from August 2020 to August 2022 were enrolled,and classified into control group(n=44,mild degree)and study group(n=44,severe degree)according to the disease severity.A six-month follow-up was conducted after discharge,according to the prognosis status,it is divided into good prognosis group(55)and poor prog-nosis group(33).Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between CD3/HLA-DR expression levels and the severity of disease,and subject operating characteristic(ROC)curves were drawn to evaluate the value of CD3/HLA-DR expression in predicting the prognosis of MPP.Results The expression level of peripheral blood CD3/HLA-DR in study groups were lower than the control group,and the expression level of CD3/HLA-DR in the good prognosis group was higher than the poor prognosis group.The CD3/HLA-DR expression level in peripheral blood was negatively correlated with the severity of MPP disease(r=-0.709,P<0.05).ROC curve denoted that area under the curve,sensitivity,speci-ficity and cut-off value of CD3/HLA-DR expression in predicting the prognosis of MPP were 0.839,83.6%,78.8%and 61.1%,respectively.Conclusion Peripheral blood CD3/HLA-DR in severe mycoplasma pneumonia is negatively correla-ted with disease severity and is of great value in evaluating the poor prognosis of MPP.