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破碎化生境下竞争食物网中侵占率迁移率对种群的影响

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景观栖息地的破坏会导致生境丧失和破碎化;自然界中同营养级之间的物种存在竞争,且不同物种之间的侵占率、迁移率各不相同.因此,基于破碎化景观,研究同营养级竞争物种食物网对侵占率和迁移率的响应机制具有现实意义.通过建立4个物种集合种群模型,利用MATLAB软件对种群生存动态进行数值模拟,研究破碎化生境下侵占率和迁移率的影响.结果表明:在破碎化景观下,同营养级的竞争物种的侵占率能够对物种共存结果和面积产生影响;2个竞争物种的迁移率能够影响4个物种共存区域面积.物种2的迁移率存在最小阈值和最大阈值,当该迁移率低于最小阈值或者高于最大阈值时,4个物种共存面积为0;共存面积随着物种3迁移率的增加总体呈上升趋势;另外物种间的侵占率、迁移率的融合作用可以抵消甚至逆转竞争优势,导致物种2灭绝而物种3续存.研究内容可为利用物种侵占和迁移影响共存提供参考,为解释一些生态学现象、保护珍稀物种提供理论依据.
The Impact of Invasion Rate and Migration Rate on Population in Competitive Food Webs under Habitat Fragmentation
The destruction of landscape habitats can lead to habitat loss and fragmentation.There is competition among spe-cies of the same trophic level in nature,and the invasion and migration rates among different species vary.Therefore,it is of practi-cal significance to study the response mechanism of food webs of competing species with the same nutritional level to invasion and migration rates based on fragmented landscapes.This article establishes a four species collective population model and uses MAT-LAB software to numerically simulate the survival dynamics of the population,studying the effects of invasion and migration rates in fragmented habitats.The results indicate that under fragmented landscapes,the invasion rate of competing species can have an impact on the coexistence results and area of species.The migration rate of two competing species can affect the coexistence area of four species.There are minimum threshold and maximum threshold for the migration rate of species 2.When the migration rate is below the minimum threshold or above the maximum threshold,the coexistence area of four species is zero.The coexistence ar-ea shows an overall upward trend with the increase of species 3 migration rate.The fusion effect of invasion and migration rates be-tween different species can offset or even reverse competitive advantages,leading to the extinction of species 2 and the survival of species 3.The research provides a reference for utilizing the coexistence of species invasion and migration effects,and a theoreti-cal basis for explaining some ecological phenomena and protecting rare species.

Habitat fragmentationInvasion rateMigration rateCoexisting areasRobustness

张荣、岳芹、周帅

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皖西学院金融与数学学院,安徽 六安 237012

安徽国防科技职业学院公共课教学部,安徽 六安 237011

破碎化生境 侵占率 迁移率 共存区域 稳健性

安徽高校自然科学研究重点项目皖西学院校级重点项目

2023AH052740WXSK202266

2024

六盘水师范学院学报
六盘水师范学院

六盘水师范学院学报

影响因子:0.271
ISSN:1671-055X
年,卷(期):2024.36(3)
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