Re-Discussion on the Formation of Hebei's Four Anfusi Lu
The reasons for establishment and the setting process of the four Anfu Si Lu(安抚司路)located to'Hebei'(the north of the Yellow River)during the Song Dynasty are still subject to debate.Through the perspective of historical political geography,this study traces the entire process of the formation of Hebei Four Anfusi Lu.It also draws from two clues of administrative division and organization to offer new interpretations and to enrich several historical details.The military administration of Hebei underwent a transition from generals guarding the borders in division during the reign of Emperor Taizu,to the deployment of Dubushu(field headquarter,都部署)in Emperor Taizong's era,to the deployment of three Dubushu in Emperor Zhenzong's era.In the eighth year of Qingli under the reign of Emperor Renzong,the formal Hebei Four Anfushi(安抚使)established.Yet,the court did not adopt the proposal of establishing a Hebei Jinglue Anfushi(河北经略安抚使)in spite of the border crisis in the Qingli era The frequent rebellion problems caused by arrogant soldiers and weak generals during the Qingli period were the fundamental reasons for the establishment of the clearly delineated Hebei Four Anfusi Lu.
Northern Song DynastyHebeiAnfusi Luhistorical political geography