Spatiotemporal Evolution and Optimization Analysis of Human Settlements Suitability Based on GIS——A case study of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
Human settlements are the basis for human survival and development,and scientific evaluation of the natural suitability of human settlements is the premise for understanding the carrying capacity of regional environ-ment,and it is also the basic work for realizing the basic strategy of harmonious coexistence between man and na-ture.With the help of GIS software platform,this paper takes the 30m × 30m grid as the basic unit,selects natural limiting factors including DEM,vegetation,meteorology,hydrology,etc.to construct a human settlements index model,quantitatively evaluates the suitability of human settlements in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2010 and 2020,and visualizes the spatial visualization of Ningxia habitat suitability zoning.Then,the spatiotemporal e-volution characteristics and spatial optimization path of human settlement suitability in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region are explored.The results show that:① The human settlements index of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2010 was between 22.54％～67.31％;In 2020,the human settlement index was between 23.96％～72.62％,and the overall human settlements index of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region increased by nearly 9.9％in the past ten years,but the human settlements index in nearly half of the areas was between 32％and 42％,indicating that the suitability of the human settlements environment has improved to a certain extent in the past ten years,and the o-verall human settlements are not good compared with other regions.② From the perspective of spatial suitability of human settlements,the suitability of human settlements in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has obvious spatial differences,with the overall suitability of the Yinchuan Plain and the southern mountainous areas in the north be-ing high,the overall suitability of the central desert zone being low,and the improvement of human settlements in the central region being larger.③ Among the natural limiting indicators,hydrology was the most important factor affecting human settlements in the region,followed by ground cover,temperature and humidity,and topographic indicators.It is the most important and fastest way to improve the living environment by taking relevant means to improve the water and irrigation conditions in the area,and secondly,it is necessary persist in the work of deserti-fication prevention and control,rational reclamation and grazing,and pay attention to ecological construction.
human settlementssuitability zoningspatiotemporal evolutionNingxia Hui Autonomous Region
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