The Revolutionary Imagination and the Historical Writing of Li Huang's Statism in the 1920s
When the"attitude universality"of the May Fourth Movement gradually collapsed in the post-May Fourth era,"statism",which was covered by"individualism"and"cosmopolitanism",resurfaced with Li Huang's effort.As the main theorist of the"Statist School",Li Huang drew on Renan's Qu'est-ce qu'une Nation and argued that the modern nation-state was created by the shared historical memory and political action of all citizens.He thus regarded revolution as"a necessary ideal"for the establishment of a modern state,which changed the idea of searching for wealth and power since the late Qing Dynasty.Before 1927,Li Huang's theory was integrated into the slogan of"all people's revolution",competed with"the class revolution"and"the national revolution",and was also shaped by opponents and comrades in this process.When the revolution in the 1920s finally moved from ideological debates to the decisive military victory,the KMT rightists made Li Huang and others feel the disillusionment of the revolution.When revolution stood as the opposite of the nation,"we May Fourth youth"became the group identity of the statist Li Huang's an-ti-state attitude.