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1920年代李璜国家主义的革命想象与历史书写

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当五四的"态度同一性"在后五四时代渐渐走向分裂之时,被五四"个人"与"世界"话语所遮蔽的"国家主义"在李璜等人的建构中重新浮出水面.作为国家主义派的主要理论家,李璜吸收了勒南的名篇《何谓国家》中以共同的历史记忆和全体公民的行动确认国家的理念,并将革命悬置为一种现代国家得以建立的"必要理想",改变了从晚清以来将富强作为目标的国家观念.在大革命的舆论场域里,李璜的理论被糅合进国家主义派"全民革命"的旗帜中,同阶级革命和国民革命相互"竞革",也在这个过程之中被对手和团体内外形塑.当20年代的中国革命各派势力最终由主义论战走向武力决胜时,与国家主义理念并无鸿沟的国民党右派的胜利并没有带来李璜等人理想中的革命建国,在革命与国家分离之时,"我们五四青年"成为国家主义者李璜反对国家态度下的群体认同.
The Revolutionary Imagination and the Historical Writing of Li Huang's Statism in the 1920s
When the"attitude universality"of the May Fourth Movement gradually collapsed in the post-May Fourth era,"statism",which was covered by"individualism"and"cosmopolitanism",resurfaced with Li Huang's effort.As the main theorist of the"Statist School",Li Huang drew on Renan's Qu'est-ce qu'une Nation and argued that the modern nation-state was created by the shared historical memory and political action of all citizens.He thus regarded revolution as"a necessary ideal"for the establishment of a modern state,which changed the idea of searching for wealth and power since the late Qing Dynasty.Before 1927,Li Huang's theory was integrated into the slogan of"all people's revolution",competed with"the class revolution"and"the national revolution",and was also shaped by opponents and comrades in this process.When the revolution in the 1920s finally moved from ideological debates to the decisive military victory,the KMT rightists made Li Huang and others feel the disillusionment of the revolution.When revolution stood as the opposite of the nation,"we May Fourth youth"became the group identity of the statist Li Huang's an-ti-state attitude.

张雯欢

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华东师范大学历史学系(邮编200241)

李璜 国家主义 国民大革命 五四新文化

2024

历史教学问题
华东师范大学

历史教学问题

CSTPCDCHSSCD
影响因子:0.092
ISSN:1006-5636
年,卷(期):2024.(1)
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