The Lexical Change and the Formation of the"Cishan"(Charity)Concept in Modem China
There are many examples in ancient Chinese literature where characters"ci"and"shan"are used to-gether,which mainly refers to the benevolent and kind-hearted personal qualities."Cishan"in modern times is a new two-character term,which means social behaviors and careers of helping the weak.The new word"cishan"in Chinese originated from Japanese homographs of Chinese characters.The current meaning of the word in Japanese was first found in the 1880s and then established as the Japanese counterpart of"charity"in the 1890s.The new word"cishan"in Chinese began to be used on a large scale in the early 20th century.Its modern meaning was formulated in a large conceptual cluster,which consisted of"human-ism","public welfare"and other concepts.
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