摘要
14-15世纪是英国封建主义发展演进新阶段,骑士、从骑士、绅士、约曼等地方乡绅阶层通过扈从契约成为封建领主的扈从,乃是最突出的现象.非贵族阶层进入封建依附关系表明,封建主义已经走向"乡绅化"."乡绅化"是全新现象,是从贵族上层支配的典型封建主义,走向以平民乡绅为主导的"变态封建主义".乡绅进入封建主义,是封建主义的扩展化、货币化和商品化,是对原有封建主义特征的稀释乃至消解,从而使其向近代社会转型.
Abstract
In the 14th and 15th centuries,feudalism entered a new stage in England.The most prominent phenomenon was that the gentry rank,including knights,esquires,gentlemen and yeomen,had become the retainers of feudal lords through indentures of retainers.It was precisely this class entering into the retainer relationship that would drive the gentrification of feudalism,a departure from the classic version dominated by the aristocratic upper-class to the new bastard feudalism of commoners.The expansion,monetization,and commercialization of feudalism diluted the original features of feudalism to the point of its eventual disappearance and transformation into modern society.
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