Fu De(?-1779)belonged to the Guarjia clan and Manchu Zhenghuang Banner people with the origin of Jilin garrison.Fu De,as part of the garrison of eight banners,participated successively in many major battles such as the pacification of Jinchuan,Zunghar,Hui and so on,and made repeated battle achievements.Because of these achievements,he was rewarded as the first rank of Marquis of Jingyuan Chengyong from an unknown soldier,authorized as the imperial minister,and minister of Li Fan Yuan.Fu De had been the right-hand man under Emperor Qianlong for quite a long time,and made great contributions to the maintenance of the stability of Qing Dynasty's borders and the consolidation of the rule of the regime.However,because he was a military general and did not understand politics,he was imprisoned twice and eventually executed for offending the powerful court official A Gui.The end of Fu De was saddening.The ups and downs throughout Fu De's life reflected indirectly the political situation of military generals'attacking and falsely charging each other in the highly centralized system of memorial to the throne in Qing Dynasty,carrying a foreshadowing of the military decline in the late Qing Dynasty.
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