Space Reconstruction of the Ethnic Festival from the Perspective of Power:A Case Study of Hantian Festival of Dong Ethnic Group
Lots of ethnic festivals are preserved in rural areas of China,and the development of tourism centering around cultural heritage represented by ethnic festivals is important to the revitalization of the countryside which attracts scholarly attention.In order to better understand the evolution of festivals,the agents in festival tourism should be clearly identified,power structure among these agents need to be revealed and how the exercise of power contribute to the reconstruction of ethnic festival need to be analyzed.Based on the fieldwork in Huanggang village since 2013,this study constructed a theoretical framework of space construction of ethnic festivals from the perspective of power to illustrate the process and characteristics of the reconstruction of festival space as tourism develops.Responding to the economic demands of tourism development and the integration of culture and tourism,the Hantian Festival in Huanggang experiences the intersection between human-human interaction and human-land interaction.The findings show that:(1)Space of festival is the network generated on the interactions among power subjects,including local power elites,villagers,village party branch committee,local governments,entrepreneurs,media and so on,the reconstruction of which is in essence a process of adjustment of interaction order in the field of power.(2)The modes of power flow include"power to""power over""power with"and"power within",by which different power structure is constructed.The power structure of festival space in Huanggang village first was a traditional single-core structure,which then changed to a dual-core structure configurated by institution and tradition,and now a structure of single core with multiple power subjects,rearranging the content and order of the ethnic festival.(3)Accordingly,the representation of space demonstrated in Hantian Festival is characterized by a change from"enclosed sacred ritual space to staged performance space and then to a compound tourist space",which indicates how the space structure changes from aggregation to expansion and finally to spread.
ethnic festivalethnic tourismfestival spacepowerHantian festival
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