我国麋鹿放归野化概况及放归地适宜性评估
Reintroduction Overview of Elaphurus davidianus in China and Suitability Evaluation of Released Sites
张树苗 1李夷平 1刘恒官 2陈颀 1李俊芳 1白加德1
作者信息
- 1. 北京麋鹿生态实验中心,北京 100076
- 2. 辽宁省辽阳市中小学素质教育实践中心,辽宁 辽阳 111000
- 折叠
摘要
麋鹿在我国经过37 年的繁衍、复壮及野外放归,目前麋鹿种群已全面覆盖历史分布区,分布地点从重引入时的2 个增至现在的89 个迁地保护场所,种群数量已逾 1.2 万只,其中建立 6 处野生种群,数量达5 258 只.从重引入到成功放归野化,中国麋鹿保护已成为全球野生动物保护史上的范例.麋鹿放归野化成功的关键在于科学、合理地选择放归地,通过介绍我国麋鹿放归野化的概况,并针对放归地的适宜性开展评估,主要包括天然植被资源可利用性、天然水资源的水质和水量、疾病风险、种间竞争、人鹿冲突、捕食天敌、突发自然灾害等,为我国麋鹿放归野化标准化管理提供依据,为其他物种放归野化提供参考.
Abstract
After 37 years of reproduction,rejuvenation,and wild release in China,the population of Ela-phurus davidianus has fully covered historical distribution areas,and the distribution locations have in-creased from 2 sites at the time of reintroduction to 89 ex-situ conservation sites,with a population of o-ver 12 000,among which 6 wild populations have been established,with a total number of 5258.From reintroduction to successful released into the wild,the conservation of Elaphurus davidianus in China has become a model in the history of global wildlife conservation.The key to the successful reintroduction of Elaphurus davidianus was the scientific and rational selection of released sites.By introducing the reintro-duction overview of Elaphurus davidianus in China and evaluating the suitability of the released sites,in-cluding the availability of natural vegetation resources,quality and quantity of natural water resources,disease risks,inter species competition,human-deer conflicts,predation of natural enemies,and sudden natural disasters,this paper provided a basis for standardized management of Elaphurus davidianus in China and a reference for the wild release of other species.
关键词
麋鹿/重引入/放归野化/适宜性/评估Key words
Elaphurus davidianus/reintroduction/wild release/suitability/evaluation引用本文复制引用
基金项目
北京市财政资金项目(11000024T000002819938)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据