苹果套袋可提高外观品质,但套袋成本高,免套袋栽培提高了苹果内在品质,降低了生产成本,增加了果农收益.为了降低生产成本且提高果实品质,进行了果袋替代品应用的试验研究.以岩富10苹果为试材,采用皮尔膜、康露威和宏保旺3种果袋替代品,分别设置400、500、600倍液3个浓度喷施果实,与不套袋果实、套袋果实进行对比.结果表明,666.7 m23种果袋替代品处理的成本投入为87.36～131.04元,仅为果实套袋成本的1/30左右;综合3种果袋替代品提高果实外观、内在品质的效果以及投入产出比认为,皮尔膜400倍液更适用于延安地区岩富10苹果免套袋品施用,666.7 m2商品果产量3 000 kg,比不套袋果增产约700 kg,比套袋果增产约500 kg;果实耐贮性最佳,在室温下可贮藏45 d,比套袋果延长近14 d.
Validation and comparative study of three apple fruit bag substitutes
Apple bagging mainly improves the appearance quality while the cost of bagging is high.Non bagging cultivation mainly improves the internal quality,reduces production costs and in-creases income.In order to reduce production costs and improve fruit quality,research was conduc-ted on the application of fruit bag substitutes.Using Yanfu 10 apples as the test material,three types of fruit bag substitutes,Pilmo,Kangluwei,and Hongbaowang,were used to spray the fruits with concentrations of 400,500,and 600 times,respectively.The results were compared with non bagged fruits and bagged fruits.The results showed that the cost input for three apple fruit bag sub-stitutes was 287.36～131.04 yuan per 666.7 m2,only about 1/30 of the cost of fruit bagging.Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of three fruit bag substitutes in improving the appearance and internal quality of fruits,as well as the input-output ratio,it is believed that the 400 times Pilmo is more suitable for the application of bagged apples in Yan'an area.The yield of commercial fruits is 3 000 kg per 666.7 m2,which is about 700 kg more than non bagged fruits and about 500 kg more than bagged fruits.The fruit has the best storage resistance,which can be stored for 45 days at room temperature,nearly 14 days longer than bagged fruits.
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